Method of joining cast metal parts

ABSTRACT

A METHOD OF SECURING TOGETHER TWO CAST METAL PIECES WHICH COMPRISES EXCAVATING A RECTANGULARLY SHAPED CAVITY IN EACH CAST METAL PIECE, THE CAVITIES BEING OPPOSITE THE OTHER AND ADJACENT THE JUNCTION OF THE CAST METAL PIECES, PLACING WITHIN EACH CAVITY A METAL PIECE HAVING THE SAME DIMENSION AS THE CAVITY, SECURING THE PIECE THEREIN THE METAL PIECE HAVING STUDS ATTACHED THERETO, SAID STUDS RECEIVING A BOLT EXTENDING, CONTINUOUSLY, FROM ONE STUD TO THE OTHER, SAID BOLT FURNISHING REINFORCEMENT FOR THE CAST METAL JUNCTION WHEN IN PLACE.

c. B. HARRIS METHOD` oF Jo'INING cAsT METAL PARTS Feb. 9,1571

l "2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Eiljd Noi?. i8, 1968 I NVEN TOR. CLEON B. HARRIS BYY r W] Ww M ATTORNEY Feb. 9,1971 c. a. HARRIS METHOD oF JoINING CASTMETAL PARTS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 18, 1968 FIG. 5.

INVENTOR.

CLEON B. HARRIS D. www f1 ATTORNEY FIG. 7.

United States Patent Office 3,561,094 METHOD F JOINING CAST METAL PARTS'Cleon B. Harris, 1732 Sherwood Forest Blvd., Baton Rouge, La. 70815Filed Nov. 18, 1968, Ser. No. 776,437 Int. Cl. B22d 19/10; B231! 7/00U.S. Cl. 29-401 6 Claims ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE A method of securingtogether two cast metal pieces which comprises excavating arectangularly shaped cavity in each cast metal piece, the cavities beingopposite the other and adjacent the junction of the cast metal pieces,placing within each cavity a metal piece having the same dimension asthe cavity, securing the piece therein, the metal piece having studsattached thereto, said studs receiving a bolt extending, continuously,from one stud to the other, said bolt furnishing reinforcement for thecast metal junction when in place.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention The invention relatesto new and useful improvements in methods of reinforcing the junction oftwo cast metal parts.

Ilescription of the prior art Special problems arise in thereinforcement of cast iron piece junctions which, heretofore, have beenalmost withY out a satisfactory solution. These junctions are normallyheld secure by head-bolts, which are placed on the inside of the castpieces. The head-bolts secure the cast pieces by extending throughflanges which are built onto the inner walls of the cast pieces. Ifinternal pressure on the cast pieces is too great these flanges sometimegive way, completely eliminating the effectiveness of the headboltsystem.

The cast iron pieces to which this inventiton is principally directedare extremely large, heavy and cumbersome. Consequently, when a defectoccurs, down-time and repair become serious items to consider. Thepresent invention, on the other hand, provides a method of securing twocast iron machinery parts together in lieu of damaged head-bolts orclips which have been found to be unsatisfactory. The present inventionmay be used as additional support in reinforcing the junction betweencast machinery parts.

SUMMARY `OF THE INVENTION I have invented a novel method of securingtogether two cast metal pieces which comprises excavating arectangularly shaped cavity in each cast metal piece, the cavities beingopposite the other and adjacent the junction of the two cast metalpieces, placing within each cavity a metal piece having essentially thesame dimensions as the cavity, said metal piece having a stud attachedthereto and adapted to receive a bolt extending through both studs,securing the metal pieces within said cavities by forming a plurality ofspaced openings around the perimeter of the inserted metal pieces insuch a manner that each opening lies half in the metal piece and half inthe casting, subsequently filling the openings with a suitable bondingmetal, and then placing a bolt through the studs on the metal pieces ina manner which permits the cast metal parts to which they have beenattached to be drawn together.

The above invention is applicable to situations wherein the two castiron machinery parts are off-set from each other. In addition, theinvention may be applied to 3,561,094 Patented Feb. 9, 1971 securing orreinforcing the junction of two cast metal pieces which form an angle,from the junction thereof, of from about to about 225. Theillustrations, for convenience, are drawn to depicting a junction whichforms an angle of DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The inventionwill be more readily understood from a reading of the followingspecication and by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein anexample of the invention is shown, and wherein:

FIG. l is an isometric view of a portion of cast metal pieces heldsecurely together by the method of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged, isometric view of a portion of cast metal piecesjoined together, the bolt arrangement being partially exploded;

FIG. 3 is a sectional, diagrammatic elevational view of a portion of twocast metal pieces held together by the repair method of the invention,taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. l;

FIG. 4 is a sectional, diagrammatic 'elevational view of a portion oftwo cast metal parts, are being off-set from the other, being securedtogether by the method of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a front, elevational view of the upper casting piece of FIG.2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional, diagrammatic elevational View of a portion of theupper casting piece of FIG. 3; and

FIG. 7 is an exploded, isometric view of a portion of a castingillustrating the cavity, metal repair piece with stud, and theirrelationship in the invention.

In the drawings, the numeral 13 designates the upper casting piece andnumeral 14 designates the lower casting piece, in an arrangement ofreinforcing the junction between the two cast metal pieces. In carryingout the novel method of reinforcing junction of two cast metal pieces,and referring to FIG. 7, a cavity 29 is formed in each of the cast metalpieces 13, and a metal piece 10 is fitted within said cavity 29, saidmetal piece 10 completely lling cavity 29. The metal piece 10 has a stud11 attached thereto and containing means 28 therein for receiving abolt.

The arrangement of cast pieces 13 and 14, with the metal pieces 10 and15 xedly secured within the cavities, and pieces 10 and 15 having studs11 and 18 attached thereto, is illustrated in FIG. l. A bolt 16 extendsdown through stud 11 and into stud 18, where bolt 16 is secured inplace. The bolt 16 is secured to the upper stud 11 by bolt head 17 andnut 19 (shown in view in FIG. 2).

In FIG. 2, there is illustrated the bolt 16 withdrawn from studs 11 and18, to better show the means 27 and 28 for receiving bolt 16.Preferably, the passage 27 in -stud 18 is threaded, to assist inretaining bolt 16 in place and in drawing cast pieces 13 and 14 togetherby rotating bolt 16 and tightening nut 19.

There is shown in FIG. 3 the method of the invention whereby metalpieces 10 and 15 are secured within the cast metal pieces 13 and 14.Subsequent to excavating the cavity 29 (of FIG. 7) and inserting metalpieces 10 and 15 therein, openings 24, 25, and 25a of the cast piece 13and openings 23, 26 and 26a of cast piece 14, are drilled so that theopenings (generally designated herein-after as 23 and 24) lie half inthe metal pieces 10 and 15 and half in the castings 13 and 14. This ismore clearly illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 5, wherein the filled openings23 and 24 are represented by numeral 12. Such an arrangement has provento afford the maximum strength to the inserted pieces 10 and 15 whenpressure is applied to the inside of the cast metal vessel beingrepaired.

The openings 23 and 24 are drilled around the perimeter of the metalpieces 10 and 15, as shown generally in FIGS. 3 and 4. The depth andspacing of the openings 23 and 24 is illustrated at A and B in FIG. 6,wherein casting 13 is shown with metal piece 10 in place and openings 24and 25a drilled. In particular, the distance A, between openings 24, ispreferably at least equal to the radius of the circular opening 24. Thedistance B should preferably be at least half the depth of the opening24. Particularly, the opening 24 (as well as 25a) should `be drilled toa depth of no more than two-thirds the thickness of the metal piece 13.These dimensions apply, as well, to casting 14 and the metal insert 15.

The openings 23 and 24 should not be interconnected by means of groovesor other excavation. The strength and integrity of the reinforcedcasting pieces 13 and 14 are dependent upon the openings 23 and 24 (aswell as, openings 25, 26, 25a and 26a, FIG. 3) being spaced distance Ain the manner hereinabove described and as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4 and6.

By the nature of the drilling tool, the bottoms of the openings 23 and24 contain slight depressions. It has been found that this configurationaids the lbonding strength of the casting reinforcing method of theinvention.

The metal pieces 10 and 15 (with studs 11 and 18) are preferably madefrom a high-strength, heat treated steel. There are any number of suchsteel materials commercially available, known in the trade, for example,as K7 alloy and 41-40 alloy steel. These two steel products have beenvery useful in practicing the invention. Of course, the studs 11 and 18should possess qualities of high shear and high tensile. Generally, thestuds 11 and 18 and metal pieces 10 and 15 are of a unitary structure,and studs 11 and 18 having been machined into the metal pieces 10 and15.

To bond metal pieces 10 and 15 to the castings 13 and 14, respectively,the drilled out openings 23 and 24 are filled with a bonding metal.Openings 25, 26 25a and 26a should be filled in like manner. When thefilling step is completed, the surface of the repaired castings 13 and14, as depicted in FIG. 2,`is finished olf to furnish a smooth surface.It is particularly important that an opening 12 be located at thecorners of the metal pieces 10 as illustrated clearly in FIG. 5.

FIG. 4 illustrates two cast metal pieces 33 and 34 joined together withpiece 34 having a protruding lip 30. This off-set configuration can bereinforced by the present invention by providing a stud 31 extendingoutwardly from the face of casting piece 33 a distance sufficient toalign the bolt receiving means of stud 31 with the bolt receiving meansof stud 32.

FIG. 3 illustrates the reinforced casting pieces 13 and 14 joined atface 20, held securely by bolt 16 operating through metal pieces 10 and15. The metal pieces 10 and 15 t into the cavity (29 of FIG. 7) in amanner where the bottoms 21 and 22, respectively, are snug against thebottom of the cavities in casting pieces 13 and 14. The thickness ofthese metal pieces 10 and 15 depend upon the thickness of castings 13and 14 and the preS- sure to be applied to the vessel.

In drilling the openings 23 and 24, it is preferable to angle theopenings 23 and 24 about 45 degrees from the face of the casting, thepoint of reference for inclination Ibeing the casting pieces 13 and 14junction at 2.0. This is particularly illustrated in FIG. 3, as well as,FIG. 4.

The reinforcing method of the invention is well adapted for repairingand reinforcing reciprocating compressors, centrifugal compressors, gasand steam turbines, diesel and gas engines, industrial pumps andengines, gear housings and varied pieces of paper mill machinery. Themethod is applicable to most castings and forgings.

I claim:

1. A method of securing together two metal pieces in a side-by-siderelation which comprises excavating a rec- Y metal pieces in such amanner that each opening lies half in the metal piece and half in themetal being repaired, subsequently filling the openings with a suitablebonding metal, and then lplacing a bolt through the studs on the metalpieces in a manner which permits the metal parts being repaired, to bedrawn together, and drawing said metal parts together.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the metal parts being repaired are ofcast iron.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the metal parts being repaired are offorged iron.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 841,489 1/ 1907 Drane 287-189.36 1,440,576 1/ 1923Astrom 287-189.36 2,091,082 8/1937 Osolin 29-401X 2,446,846 8/1948 Noble287-189.36 2,983,071 5/1961 Oliver 287-189.36X 3,296,764 1/1967 Tremblay287-189.36X 3,360,845 1/1968 Buschmann 29-401 CHARLIE T. MOON, Primary4Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.

